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→Promiscuous Molecular Targets
***Na<sub>V</sub> (neuron), IC<sub>50</sub> 0.074 uM
***Na<sub>V</sub> (neuron), IC<sub>50</sub> 0.074 uM
***nAChR (muscle), IC<sub>50</sub> 0.143 uM
***nAChR (muscle), IC<sub>50</sub> 0.143 uM
**Diazepam binds '''α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R''', EC<sub>50</sub> 0.07 uM
**'''Diazepam''' binds α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R, EC<sub>50</sub> 0.07 uM
**Sevoflurane binds '''K<sub>v</sub>1.2''', EC<sub>50</sub> 0.0097 mM
**'''Sevoflurane''' binds K<sub>v</sub>1.2, EC<sub>50</sub> 0.0097 mM
*Some common anesthetics that are less selective, or not characterized in the paper
*Some common anesthetics that are less selective, or not characterized in the paper
**Propofol binds to α4β2 nAChR with IC<sub>50</sub> of 3.13 uM, HCN1 receptors with IC<sub>50</sub> of 4.19 uM, and '''α1β2γ2''' with EC<sub>50</sub> of 5.44 uM.
**Propofol binds to α4β2 nAChR with IC<sub>50</sub> of 3.13 uM, HCN1 receptors with IC<sub>50</sub> of 4.19 uM, and α1β2γ2 with EC<sub>50</sub> of 5.44 uM.
**Remimazolam binds GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors [https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar.bib?q=info:ZcRExfhIAgQJ:scholar.google.com/&output=citation&scisdr=CiBKb9IEEIjgixJ14Lg:ACTRDVEAAAAAasZz-Lg_XypnrGdHd1YvgyClzzA&scisig=ACTRDVEAAAAAasZz-GKPI-Z0ueEzxZoNZQpLFsU&scisf=4&ct=citation&cd=-1&hl=en non-selectively] (i.e. αxβ2γ2)
**Remimazolam binds GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors [https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar.bib?q=info:ZcRExfhIAgQJ:scholar.google.com/&output=citation&scisdr=CiBKb9IEEIjgixJ14Lg:ACTRDVEAAAAAasZz-Lg_XypnrGdHd1YvgyClzzA&scisig=ACTRDVEAAAAAasZz-GKPI-Z0ueEzxZoNZQpLFsU&scisf=4&ct=citation&cd=-1&hl=en non-selectively] (i.e. αxβ2γ2)
====Probing Anesthetic-Receptor Interactions====
====Probing Anesthetic-Receptor Interactions====
*'''Are there pharmacological agents with effects opposite of anesthetics and with receptor specificity? Do they cross the blood brain barrier? Search [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL63354/ ChEMBL].'''
*'''Are there pharmacological agents with effects complementary to those of anesthetics with receptor specificity? Do they cross the blood brain barrier? Search [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL63354/ ChEMBL].'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Potential Anesthetic Antagonists
|+ Potential Anesthetic Antagonists
| α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R || methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM) || Example || Example || Example
| α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R || methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM) || Example || Example || Example
|-
|-
| α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R || Flumazenil || protoporphyrin IX, α2,3,5, γ3 || yes || yes
| α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R || Flumazenil (competitive inhibitor of benzodiazepine binding) || protoporphyrin IX, α2,3,5, γ3 || yes || yes
|-
| α1β2γ2 GABA<sub>A</sub>R || Diazepam (potentiates GABA's effects) || ??? || yes || yes
|-
|-
| HCN1 || Example || Example || Example || Example
| HCN1 || Example || Example || Example || Example