Line 1: |
Line 1: |
− | *Central | + | *'''CENTRAL''' |
− | **Brain | + | **'''Brain''' |
− | **Spinal Cord | + | ***Forebrain |
− | *Peripheral | + | ***Midbrain |
− | **Somatic | + | ***Hindbrain |
− | **Autonomic | + | **'''Spinal Cord''' |
| + | ***Cervical |
| + | ***Thoracic |
| + | ***Lumbar |
| + | ***Sacral |
| + | *'''PERIPHERAL''' |
| + | **'''Somatic''' |
| + | ***Efferent/Motor: ''primary motor cortex [[glutamatergic]] UMNs'' > ''corticospinal tract'' > ''anterior horn [[cholinergic]] alpha motor neurons (LMNs)'' > ventral roots > peripheral nerves > [[nAChRs]] on skeletal muscles |
| + | ***Afferent/Sensory: peripheral sensory receptors > peripheral nerves > dorsal roots > ''DCML/spinothalamic'' |
| + | **'''Autonomic''' |
| ***Sympathetic | | ***Sympathetic |
| + | ****Efferent: ''lateral horn [[cholinergic]] preganglionic neurons'' > ventral roots > white ramus communicans > [[nAChRs]] on postganglionic [[noradrenergic]] neurons in the paravertebral sympathetic chain or prevertebral ganglia > gray ramus communicans > peripheral nerves > [[Adrenergic Pharmacology|'''adrenergic''']] receptors (α1/α2, β1/β2) on target organs |
| + | ****Afferent: ... |
| ***Parasympathetic | | ***Parasympathetic |
− | **Enteric | + | ****Efferent: ''[[cholinergic]] preganglionic neurons'' > craniosacral outflow from CN III/VII/IX, CN X, and S2-S4 > [[nAChRs]] on postganglionic [[cholinergic]] neurons in the parasympathetic/peripheral ganglia on/near target organs > (trigeminal nerve branches for efferents from CN III/VII/IX) > [[mAChRs]] (M1/M2/M3) on target organs |
| + | ****Afferent: ... |
| + | **'''Enteric''' |